Coping Orientation of Academic Community in the Time of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pilot Multi-Country Survey Study

In this paper, we have mapped the coping methods used to address the coronavirus pandemic by members of the academic community. We conducted an anonymous survey of a convenient sample of 674 faculty/staff members and students from September to December 2020. A modified version of the RCOPE scale was used for data collection. The results indicate that both religious and existential coping methods were used by respondents. The study also indicates that even though 71% of informants believed in God or another religious figure, 61% reported that they had tried to gain control of the situation directly without the help of God or another religious figure. The ranking of the coping strategies used indicates that the first five methods used by informants were all non-religious coping methods (i.e., secular existential coping methods): regarding life as a part of a greater whole, regarding nature as an important resource, listening to the sound of surrounding nature, being alone and contemplating, and walking/engaging in any activities outdoors giving a spiritual feeling. Our results contribute to the new area of research on academic community's coping with pandemic-related stress and challenges.

What are People in Bali Doing in Pandemic: Understanding the Shape of Health Behavior and the Pitutur Tua

In the early occurrence of the Covid-19 pandemic, Indonesian and the world regarded Bali having a unique mechanism. Balinese or Bali residents are assumed excellently immune or difficulty infected from Covid-19. Interestingly, Balinese do not show overwhelmed panic as occurs in other areas although the Covid-19 cases in Bali are not low. There are various reasons why Balinese's actions to protect their health consider beliefs, religion, and culture. This paper is a survey of the Balinese's distinctive perception and behavior to face Covid-19. The information was gained from comments, opinions, and information about typical behavior posted on mass media and social media. The main source of the information was the WhatsApp groups of Banjar community (60 people), Bali academicians (76 people), Hindu organization alumni (113 people), and Bali medical staff (30 people). This study collected the information and conversations during early months of the pandemic in 2020 and 2021 when the Covid-19 cases skyrocketed and the government implemented the Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement (PPKM). This study concludes that the belief in the power of nature makes the sincerity and acceptance more easily appear. Moreover, tradition strengthens the trust. Support in social life also increases cooperative actions to the rules or advices of the Bali government and the custom village assembly to protect society from the pandemic.Copyright © 2021 Muslim OT et al.

Dinin Salgın Hastalık Dönemlerindeki Eğitsel Rolü: Covid-19 Pandemisi Özelinde Bir Araştırma

Din, insanın gündelik hayatında duygu, düşünce ve davranışlarına yön veren ilahi ilkeler bütünüdür. Dini inancın insanlar üzerindeki etkisi her zaman kendini göstermiştir. Hayatın olumsuz şartlarında insanların verdiği tepkilerin dini kaynaklı olup olmadığı ise merak edilen bir husustur. 2020 yılı itibariyle küresel tehdit haline gelen Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde insanların salgın hastalığa karşı geliştirdikleri reaksiyonlar ve bu reaksiyonların dini boyutu bu çalışmanın özellikle üzerinde durduğu konulardır. 2019 yılında Çin'in Wuhan kentinde ortaya çıkan coronavirüs salgını dünya genelinde sağlıktan sosyal hayata, ekonomiden eğitim hayatına pek çok gelişmeler ve değişimler meydana getirmiştir. Bu çalışmanın asıl üzerinde durduğu konu ise insanların hastalık sürecindeki yaşayışlarında dinin etki derecesini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bunun için hastalık sürecindeki insanların yaşayışının daha önce almış oldukları din eğitimiyle ne düzeyde şekillendiği sorusu üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu çalışma, pandemi döneminde hasta insanların yaşayışındaki değişmelerle alınan din eğitiminin etkisinin ne düzeyde olduğunun kendi görüşlerinden yola çıkılarak değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda hastalığa yakalanmış 20 kişi ile görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Salgın hastalık döneminde insan yaşayışındaki değişimlerin alınan din eğitimiyle birlikte düşünülerek onların hayatlarında bir farklılığın oluşup oluşmadığını öğrenmek için çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgu bilim (Fenomenoloji) deseni kullanılmıştır. Veriler içerik analizi ile incelenmiştir. Yapılan analizler neticesinde hastaların hastalık sürecinde kendi dini yetkinliklerini sorguladıkları ve daha öncesinde almış olduğu din eğitiminin yeterliliği üzerinde sorgulamalarda bulundukları tespit edilmiştir.Alternate : Religion is a set of divine principles that direct people's feelings, thoughts and behaviors in their daily life. The effect of religious belief on people has always been manifested. It is a question of whether the reactions of people in adverse conditions of life are religious or not. During the Covid-19 pandemic, which has become a global threat as of 2020, the reactions people develop against the epidemic and the religious dimension of these reactions are the issues that this study particularly emphasizes. The coronavirus epidemic that emerged in Wuhan, China in 2019 has brought many developments and changes from health to social life, from economy to education life worldwide. The main subject of this study is to reveal the effect of religion on people's lives during the disease process. For this purpose, the question of how much the life of people in the disease process was shaped by the religious education they had previously received was emphasized. This study was carried out in order to evaluate the effect of religious education on the changes in the lives of sick people during the pandemic period, based on their own views. For this purpose, interviews were made with 20 people who had the disease. Phenomenology design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study to find out whether the changes in human life during the epidemic period caused a difference in their lives in particular with religious education. The data were analyzed by content analysis. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the patients question their religious competencies during the illness and question the adequacy of the religious education they had previously received.

COVID-19 Vaccine: Knowledge and Acceptance among Obstetric Population in Garhwal Region of Uttarakhand

Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) poses expectant mothers to a higher risk of serious complications and mortality. Following a risk-benefit review, a number of governmental and professional bodies from across the globe recently approved the COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy. Aim(s): This study aimed to investigate knowledge, actual acceptance, and concerns about the COVID-19 vaccine among the obstetric population. Material(s) and Method(s): Participants were selected from among the expecting women who came for antenatal checkup during the study period (October 1, 2021-November 30, 2021). About 150 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria and consented were recruited into the study. Data related to socio-demographic and clinical characteristics as well as knowledge, actual acceptance, and concerns about COVID-19 vaccine were collected through in-person interviews using a prestructured questionnaire. The SPSS version 23 was used to analyze data. The association between the attitude (acceptance and hesitance) of participants toward the COVID-19 vaccine and their sociodemographic and clinical profile was found by Fisher's exact test. Result(s): The actual acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among expecting women was 52.0%. The primary motive for accepting COVID-19 immunization was to protect the fetus, followed by the protection of one's own health. A significant association was found between COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and the level of education, socio-economic status, and presence of comorbidities. The leading causes for vaccine reluctance were concerns about the efficacy and safety of the vaccines and lack of awareness about their usage during pregnancy. Conclusion(s): Multifaceted activities are required to promote the effectiveness and safety profile of the COVID-19 vaccine as well as disseminate knowledge about its usage during pregnancy. Clinical significance: Unlike numerous other studies that have investigated the accepting attitude only, the present one has investigated the actual COVID-19 vaccine uptake among the obstetric population.Copyright © The Author(s).

‘You Took me Back to the sea:' Using Narrative to Explore and Inform the Practice of Social Work with Dying People

This article centres on a qualitative interview extract, the ‘Story of the Pebble', in which a West African Hospital Social Worker Ado, working in a UK context, and identifying as a Shaman, describes successfully trusting his instincts to create a symbol for a dying patient. Despite criticisms from colleagues, Ado's capacity to understand his patients needs are justified both before and after her death.The article discusses significant themes from the interview extract, including the meaning of professionalism, practice wisdom and cultural influences in a UK social work context, as well as through Ado's heritage and identification as a Shaman. The article considers holistic patient care in a medical context and suggests this has some useful lessons for social workers, particularly those involved with dying people. Although the extract, and wider research study from which it is drawn, pre-date the Covid 19 pandemic, this is referenced throughout, linking the interview extract to ways of helping practitioners and educators to consider people holistically at end of life. AD -, Chichester, UK ;, Chichester, UK

American Lessons: The COVID-19 Pandemic and the US Supreme Court

Ever since the outbreak of the COVID-19 Pandemic in America in March 2020, several US states imposed harsh measures to combat the pandemic. Such state measures have at times seriously violated human rights, such as freedom of religion or freedom of movement. This chapter attempts to look at how the US Supreme Court has responded to the pandemic and reviewed several state measures over the past couple of years through selected cases on freedom of religion and compulsory vaccinations. We particularly look at its views on the role of the judiciary during the crisis, the scrutiny applied on human rights violations, as well as whether changes in the Court's composition during the Trump Era have in fact influenced its judicial reasoning. Overall, has the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on judicial review and the Court's role? If so, how?. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.

The challenge of 'COVID-19 free' Australia: international travel restrictions and stranded citizens

This paper uses Australia as a case study to analyse restrictions on international movement during the COVID-19 pandemic. Restrictions on inbound and outbound travel have been a key tool deployed by governments across the globe to suppress the COVID-19 pandemic. We use 'COVID zero' Australia as a case study to assess an extreme response to restricting international movement. We look at the recent complaint launched before the United Nations Human Rights Council in Geneva. The action was raised with the support of a group of Australian citizens stranded abroad with the assistance of the expert in Australian constitutional law who is the second author of this paper. We argue that the measures implemented by Australian governments to effectively eliminate COVID-19 domestically have provided insufficient consideration of, and alternatives to, the current system's failure to facilitate essential international travel. For this reason, Australia's framework for restricting international movement lacks proportionality and necessity from the perspective of human rights and freedoms. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of International Journal of Human Rights is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Streamable Services: Affinities for Streaming in Pre-Pandemic Congregational Worship

Following the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, many congregational leaders had to scramble to set up streaming or recording systems in order to continue their worship services without putting congregants at risk, but some congregations had already set up such systems in the years leading up to the pandemic. Previous research has found that these capabilities were not evenly distributed throughout the population of congregations, but this work has primarily focused on how technological divides are the result of a lack of economic resources. However, economic resources were not the only factor associated with whether congregations had streaming options or not. Using Wave 4 of the National Congregations Study (NCS) conducted in 2018-2019, I find that, prior to the pandemic, Catholic congregations and Protestant congregations with more enthusiastic worship services were more likely to have streaming or recording systems even after controlling for economic resources, technological knowledge, and other organizational features. The elective affinities between certain worship practices and online streaming meant that some congregations were in a better position to meet the unexpected challenges posed by the coronavirus pandemic. These findings highlight the important role congregations' cultural beliefs and practices can play in shaping their activities.

Bridging the gap: the challenge of mitigating health inequalities in lung cancer

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, together with the cost-of- living crisis, have shone a light on health inequalities running through our society - not least in UK lung cancer. Lung cancer has the widest deprivation gap of all cancers. Despite published data about socio-economic factors, the amount of evidence available about other health inequalities is poor. Method(s): The Bridging the Gap report is the output from a Health Inequalities focus-group meeting of the UKLCC's Clinical Advisory Group in June 2022. These opinions were supplemented by views and information gathered from 15 interviews with leading lung cancer and health inequalities experts, from across the four UK nations in August/September 2022. Further desk research and literature reviews were carried out over the same period. Result(s): The report calls for a 'comprehensive' approach to data collection on health inequalities - to bridge gaps in current knowledge, improve outcomes and ensure people with lung cancer have equitable access to diagnosis, treatment, and care - wherever they live and from whatever background. Key recommendations include: * Extending the remit of the National Lung Cancer Audit (NLCA) to collect more data on ethnicity, LGBTQ+ and other health inequality factors - such as gender, religion and disability. * Establishing a single, coordinated data strategy, compiling evidence on health inequalities at local, regional and national levels. * Introducing a Personal Care and Access Card scheme, carried by the patient, combining their Holistic Needs Assessment information with their personal treatment and care plan to facilitate transfer of information between hospitals and specialists. * Disease awareness campaigns targeted to address local needs and communities. Conclusion(s): The UKLCC believes that - with the implementation of these recommendations and support from policy makers, commissioners and clinicians - we can successfully mitigate health inequalities in lung cancer and have further impact on lung cancer outcomes. Report accessible here: www.uklcc.org.uk/our-reports Disclosure: No significant relationships.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

Stress and coping among elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sulaimanya city in Kurdistan region of Iraq

This study aimed to find out the level of stress and coping methods among elderly in Sulaimanya city during the pandemic COVID-19. Through the snowballing sampling method, 394 elders were included to this study. After validation, two scales were used in this study;stress subscale from Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and a culture-bound scale for determining coping methods. The results of this study showed that participants experienced a mild level of stress. Male participants, elders who live with their family, unvaccinated elders, physically passive elders have had higher stress level than female, elderly home, vaccinated, physical active elders. The findings also indicated that spiritual connection was the most common coping method used by the sample. Results of this study are the first and foremost way to share elder's unexpressed messages;it also can be a way for verbalizing their unspoken feelings. These results may also inform the elder's caregivers that elder's stress level and illness anxiety was not very high, strengthening their social support and spiritual connection may help them to reduce their distress into a lesser degree.

A New Space in the Search for Meaning of Conservative-Pious Elders: Social Media

Population growth, urbanization, differentiations in family structure, Factors such as the diversification of economic activities have produced a new social reality. Elderly individuals face this reality. Individuals aged 65 and over had limited transportation and communication opportunities during their childhood and youth. They had lived a quiet life in their childhood because the change was slow. However, individuals aged 65 and over are trying to keep up with today's digital age, where speed is decisive. Today, internet cables and wireless networks surrounding the world are the driving force of change. Some of the internet users over the age of 65 were also using the internet in the middle age period. However, after age 65, there is a significant increase in the number of people acquainted with the internet. With the spread of smartphones, access to the internet has become more accessible. Therefore, the presence of the elderly in social networks has become visible. The elderly have eased the restrictions and prohibitions imposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic with social media. In this process, some elderly people became social media members with the influence of their children, grandchildren and friends. Over time, the time spent by the elderly on social networks has increased. Thanks to the internet, people could move without depending on time and space. Social media, which has entered people's lives since the beginning of the 2000s, has allowed people to produce their content. In this way, the elderly have engaged in activities that add meaning to their lives in the digital environment. Searching for life's meaning is as old as human history. People both question the problematic situations such as illness, accident, and helplessness they experience and turn to actions that will alleviate these troubles and give them happiness. In particular, religion guides the elderly in this regard. Religion affects the online and offline lives of the elderly. These people make religious shares on social media. In this regard, social networks are a new subject of analysis for social research. In this context, the research topic is the role of social media in the search for the meaning of individuals aged 65 and over who consider themselves religious and conservative. The problem of our research: how do social networks make up the meaningful world of religious, conservative individuals aged 65 and older? Also, how do the elderly produce solutions to the meaning crises they experience? For this purpose, two focus group interviews of 4 people were conducted. In addition, 23 people were interviewed in depth. Of the people interviewed, 13 are women, and 18 are men. These numbers are determined according to the proportion of men and women using social media in Turkiye. In this context, the research topic is the role of social media in the search for the meaning of individuals aged 65 and over who consider themselves religious and conservative. The problem of our research: how do social networks make up the meaningful world of religious, conservative individuals aged 65 and older? Also, how do the elderly produce solutions to the meaning crises they experience? For this purpose, two focus group interviews of 4 people were conducted. In addition, 23 people were interviewed in depth. Of the people solicited, 13 are women, and 18 are men. These numbers are determined according to the proportion of men and women using social media in Turkiye. Studies on the search for meaning in life are generally studies in psychology. The search for meaning is the product of an individual effort from this perspective. However, our study approaches the issue from a sociological point of view and discovers the connection of meaning with other individuals. In this respect, the social media experiences of the elderly are included in the analysis. Thanks to social networks, the elderly can find their schoolmates and express their thoughts on the agenda. Again, the elderly can express their anger here. For this reason, it has emerged that social media adds meaning to their lives. Using social media in a balanced way, not at the level of addiction, can contribute to the search for purpose of the elderly. For this reason, courses can be organized for the elderly to improve their ability to act in the digital space.

Dialogism and polyphony in the interpretations of COVID-19 discourse in Zimbabwe

Meaning-making in any discourse is a nuanced or complex process which is ever-evolving and multifaceted. This study seeks to interrogate the linguistic and religious interpretations of COVID-19 pandemic discourse. The notions of the dialogic and polyphonic, in Bakhtin's theorisation of human discourse adopted in this chapter, underscore the importance of new hermeneutic traditions that embrace the polysemantic and polyvocal nature of COVID-19 discourses. Bakhtinian philosophy of language problematises the idea of a single reality or monolithic conceptualisation, but rather embraces multiperspectivality, contradictions and diversity in the interpretive process. Drawing from Bakhtin's dialogic and polyphonic notions, this chapter argues that the reception, interpretation and comprehension of meaning with regard to the pandemic depend on a linguistic composition of a particular discourse and the religious perception that one subscribes to. Most importantly, the claim to stable meanings disregards subjectivity and variability that come with diverse linguistic and religious interpretations in different contextual circumstances. Thus, the major thrust of this study is to explore and reflect on the linguistic framing and religious understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic in Zimbabwe. The findings from this chapter demonstrate that interpreting the COVID-19 pandemic involves an interpretive process that is open-ended and ever-evolving in new contexts that demand constant re-reading. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023. All rights reserved.

Celebrating the Sickle Cell Disease World Day on June 19th after Two Years of Pandemic: My Life with Scd, Patients' Perspective

Background: After two years of COVID in which activities were reduced due to the pandemic and each one's life was affected by restrictions and limitations, the Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) Association in Padova teamed up with the Sickle Cell Group at the Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit to celebrate the Sickle Cell Disease world day by organizing an online meeting with children/youths and their families. Theme of the meeting was: "My Life with SCD: poems, pictures and writings express our view on disease and care". Aim(s): One of the goals of this meeting was to create an opportunity for individuals with SCD to meet and have a constructive discussion with each other about the disease and express their feelings after two years of pandemic. Method(s): One month before the meeting children, teenager and parents were asked to sharer with the organizing team any drawing, painting, poem, writing, that they felt could express their feelings or experience of the disease itself or how it affected their life, or their experience in the hospital. The materials received were organized in a power point presentation and At the meeting, families were able to see a PowerPoint presentation with the poems, drawings, writings. Each author had the choice to personally share their production or have it read out loud by a member of the team. Free time to comment or share experiences was given. Result(s): 20 children, teenagers and parents participated. Countries of origin (Nigeria, Ghana, Congo, Albania, Italy), religious background (catholic, muslim, no religion, other) were different as well as disease genotype (HbSS, HbSC, HbSBdegree), severity or treatment received (Hydroxyurea, transfusion, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation -HSCT, none). Drawings and writings regarded experience with the disease (mechanism of action, admissions), feelings experienced (fear, hope, light at the end of the tunnel), aspirations (sports) and gratitude (to the social and medical team, to parents) (Figure 1). Surprisingly, families who had a child having undergone HSCT, reported on the need and importance to talk about this experience for years after the event and made a request of a support goup. Finally, all families underlined the need to meet again soon to discuss together issues related to personal experience with SCD, even via web. of discussion with each other and with the drepanocytosis group;and that throug the online telematics platform it is still possible to involve all families, listening and trying to comfort them on doubts and perplexities about the disease, In conclusion, it can be said that after two years of pandemic, in our setting, online meeting can help patients and families reconnect with each other and activities can be planned to aid experiences and feelings. Patients' associations and Health Care Teams can collaborate in this area.

Religious Perspectives on the Origin of the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of a Sharia-based Community

Catastrophes such as natural disasters, conflicts, and epidemics bring difficulties and misfortunes, but people also retain hope. The recent coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has tested people on what they feel and are reliant on, particularly their beliefs. It is intriguing to examine the perspectives of a community with strong religious beliefs during this pandemic. In this article, we explore the religious perspectives of Sharia-based communities in Aceh Province, Indonesia, on the origin and meaning of the pandemic, which might affect their belief systems. We limited our critical assessment to philosophical theodicies and the shift in rationalizing the outbreak. Our study revealed how the virus triggered people to integrate logic with spiritual thoughts. Data were retrieved from twenty informants with various backgrounds to sample a cross-section of perspectives. During the difficult days of the epidemic, people pondered ‘who' and ‘why', which led them to think about theodicy, which we used as the basis for our research. By utilizing a narrative inquiry, three premises were classified: COVID-19 is God's doing, COVID-19 is not an intervention of God, and COVID-19 is still controlled by God, not other factors. The first premise turned out to be the dominant one, being based on the locals' strong belief in the omnipotence of God. This reveals a widespread understanding of the origin of the pandemic that can be compared with other systems of meaning in different religions. © 2023 Ulster Institute for Social Research. All rights reserved.

Variables Affecting Congregation's Trust and Mosque Organizational Performance: Acces la Success

Mosque is a non-profit community organization, where the purpose of its establishment is not to seek profit, so this objective makes it different from commercial organizations. "Takmir" (manager of a mosque)as a manager, has the responsibility and trust of the congregation. This was explanatory research with a quantitative approach. The level of a good trust can be improved by consinously improving the quality of variabels so that the mosque organization managed can run properly and correctly and the congregation's trust can be achived. When the good mosque governance concept with the principles, internal control and services are used properly, it will be able to improve organization performance. Congregation's trust in the takmir to improve the performance of the mosque's organization can be achieved by increasing the ability, kindness and integrity of the takmir. The congregation's trust in the takmir will affect its intensity in participating in activities organized by the mosque, in which it will directly affect the performance of the mosque's organization. For Next research, it is recommended to add a variable of the concept of leadership from organizational managers. The participation variable from the congregation and the community, and professional variables, Professional someone will have a positive and significant impact on the quality of work.

COVID-19, food and freedom to worship: An analytic approach to Nigeria's religioscape

Thinking about the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, Slavoj Zizek (Pandemic: Covid-19 Shakes the World. New York and London: Or Books, 2020: 3) says: "It is only now, when I have to avoid many of those who are close to me, that I fully experience their presence, their importance to me." The outbreak of the COVID-19 and its global spread have continued to have diverse effects on humanity. Some literature, commentaries, policies and preliminary studies have since been had focusing on different dimensions of the pandemic at global levels. Although a few theological and religious commentaries have emerged, this present work focuses on the polemic undergirding food and freedom (to worship) discourse, which is in turn defining the relationship between the church and state in Nigeria. Why would the government place higher premium on food by allowing the markets to open and shut down religious houses? When is food more important than freedom or freedom more important than food? These questions and more others become pertinent in the sudden awareness that COVID-19 has placed on humanity. Using historical and theological approaches, I will analyze how the sharp realization of the importance of food and freedom during COVID-19 is affecting the secularity of Nigeria. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023. All rights reserved.

Salgının (Covid-19) Sosyal Etkileri: Dinî Düşünce ve Hayata Yansımaları (Afyonkarahisar Örneği)

Bu çalışma, içinde bulunduğumuz 21. yüzyılda küresel dünyada insanlığın şahit olduğu en büyük salgın afetlerden olan Covid-19'un, toplumların ve bireylerin dini düşünce ve yaşantıya etkilerini Afyonkarahisar örneğinde ele almaktadır. Çalışma salgınla birlikte ortaya çıkan olay, olgu ve sorunların toplumların ve bireylerin dini düşünce ve yaşantısına olan etkilerini araştırmak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırma, salgın süreci ve sonrasında bireysel veya sosyal açıdan ortaya çıkan davranış ve düşünce değişiklerini ele almaktadır. Yani araştırmada salgının sosyal ve duygusal etkilerine odaklanılmıştır. Giriş ve sonuç kısmı dışında iki bölümden oluşan araştırmanın birinci bölümünde, tarihi süreç içerisinde salgınlar ve özellikle Covid-19 salgınının ortaya çıkışı ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca salgının Türkiye'deki seyri, toplumsal hayata etkileri ve alınan önlemler üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu bölümde daha çok güncel veriler ve değişkenler üzerinde konu genişletilmiştir. Çalışmanın son bölümünde ise salgının dini ve sosyal boyutu 32 katılımcı ile yapılan derinlemesine mülakatlar sonucunda ulaşılan bulgular çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Bu bölümde daha çok dini göstergeler üzerinden hareket edilmiştir.Alternate : This study deals with the effects of Covid-19, which is one of the biggest epidemic disasters witnessed by humanity in the global world in the 21st century, on there ligious thoughtand life of societies andindividuals in the example of Afyonkarahisar. The study was conducted to investigate the effects of events, phenomen on and problems that emerged with the epidemic on there ligiousthoughtand life of societies and individuals. There search deals with the individual or social changes in behavior and thought during and after the epidemic. In other words, there search focused on the social and emotional effects of the epidemic. In the first part of there search, which consists of two parts apart from the introduction and conclusion part, epidemics in the historical process and especially the emergence of the Covid-19 epidemic are discussed. In addition, the course of the epidemic in Turkey, its effects on social life and the measure staken are emphasized. In this section, the subject has been expanded on mostly current data and variables. In the last part of the study, there ligious and social dimensions of the epidemic were examined with in the frame work of the findings obtained as a result of in-depthinter views with 32 participants. In this section, mostly religious indicators have been actedupon.

Dajia Mazu Pilgrimage Show: Exploring the Sustainable Development of Taiwan's Religious Tourism from the Perspectives of Attraction, Happiness, and Revisit Intention

The Dajia Mazu pilgrimage is one of the most well-known events in the world. It not only satisfies tourists' spiritual desires for religious beliefs but also drives the development of destination tourism. In recent years, the tourism industry has been severely impacted by COVID-19. However, tourists participating in the Dajia Mazu pilgrimage continue to do so without fear of the pandemic. Therefore, understanding the relationship between tourists' attraction to religious tourism, perception of happiness, and willingness to revisit can contribute to the sustainable development of religious tourism, especially in the context of COVID-19. Accordingly, this study explored the sustainable development of Taiwan's religious tourism from the perspectives of tourism attraction, experiential value, happiness, and revisit intention. The study conducted quantitative research to address the research issue. Three hundred and fifty valid questionnaires were collected through on-site questionnaire distribution, and the data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and the structural equation partial least squares method. According to the results, the tourism attraction of the Dajia Mazu pilgrimage and the experiential value of tourists significantly impact happiness and revisit intention. Happiness is part of the intermediary variables of tourism attraction, experiential value, and revisit intention. Notably, the attraction of the Dajia Mazu pilgrimage and the experiential value pursued by tourists have not diminished despite the pandemic. Instead, the attraction has become an opportunity for tourists to seek spiritual comfort and support sustainable religious tourism development. Accordingly, spiritual comfort and maintaining their health and safety can be considered strategies to promote the sustainability of religious tourism in Taiwan.

Do fear and perceived knowledge of Covid-19 drive sustainable consumption behaviour in Muslims? The mediating role of religiosity

PurposeThis research aims to investigate the impact of fear and perceived knowledge (PK) of Covid-19 on the sustainable consumption behaviour (SCB) of Muslim consumers and to test the mediating role of (intrinsic) religiosity.Design/methodology/approachA total of 417 responses were collected during Covid-19 lockdown through an online structured survey using the snowball technique. A two-step research approach was adopted. In Study 1, an exploratory factor analysis was performed on the SCB measurement scale through SPSS. In Study 2, hypothesised associations were analysed using SmartPLS-SEM.FindingsPK of Covid-19 pandemic directly motivates SCB in Muslim consumers, whereas fear has no direct effect on any factor of SCB. Religiosity is found to be a significant driver of SCB. Indirect effects also depict that religiosity positively mediates the association between fear and SCB as well as PK and SCB.Practical implicationsThe study may guide policymakers and marketers in using the current pandemic as a tool to inspire sustainable consumption. Religious values, teachings and knowledge about the pandemics can be publicised to create awareness and induce desired behaviour to cope with adverse events and adopt sustainable consumption patterns and lifestyles among Muslim consumers.Originality/valueThe article is the pioneer of its kind to present survey research about Covid-19 fear and PK's impact on SCB through religiosity. It adds to the Islamic marketing literature about religiosity, coping theory, PK and fear of pandemics and their role in transitioning Muslim consumers towards SCB. Moreover, the use of partial least squares structural equation modelling in the context of Covid-19 research was extended.

Living in a Democracy as a Fallen People: A REVIEW ESSAY

Rather, it would be more correct to say that Donald Trump found a ready audience for nationalism and postliberal thinking in the United States and rode a seemingly unlikely wave into the White House by semi-miraculously navigating the twists and turns of the Electoral College. COVID-19, of course, has proved to be a breeding ground of predominantly right-wing conspiracy theories, including regarding vaccines even though they were the result of a Trump-led program. [...]he made an argument that Vice President Mike Pence would be able to refuse to certify the election results. Tocqueville approached democracy as a young aristocrat from a family that had suffered in the French Revolution.